No summary available.

Summary A detailed ultrastructural analysis of the type species of Gyrodinium, G. spirale, was made based on cells collected from Skagerrak and southern Kattegat (Denmark). This material is considered very similar to the type material studied by Bergh from southern Kattegat. The analysis revealed many characters typical for dinoflagellates as well as a number of previously undescribed features. Here, emphasis was given to a three-dimensional configuration of the flagellar apparatus, the surface ridges, and the nuclear capsule. The latter had a rather complex ultrastructure consisting of two wall-like layers surrounded by membranes, with nuclear pores restricted to globular invaginations of these layers. To overcome difficulties with culturing of many auto- and heterotrophic dinoflagellates, we designed a specific reverse primer to amplify ca. 1800 base pairs of nuclear-encoded LSU rDNA. Using this approach, LSU rDNA sequences were determined from three heterotrophic species of Gyrodinium, including the type species. Using other alveolates (i.e. ciliates and Apicomplexa) as outgroup species, phylogenetic analyses based on Maximum Likelihood, Maximum Parsimony, and Neighbor-Joining supported Gyrodinium as a separate lineage. Unfortunately, the nearest sister group to Gyrodinium could not be established due to low bootstraps support for the deep branching pattern.

Background: Angioinvasive Rhizomucor pusillus infection with dissemination to the liver and spleen is exceedingly uncommon, representing less than 1% of reported cases of mucormycosis. Methods: Diagnosis of mucormycosis is often difficult using conventional methods that rely on broad-based non-septate hyphae present on histologic examination and morphological identification of the cultured organism. Our laboratory also uses an in-house panfungal molecular assay to rapidly diagnose invasive fungal infection when conventional methods do not provide definitive results. Results: Herein we present a case of disseminated mucormycosis with hepatosplenic involvement in a 49-year-old female with acute myelogenous leukemia following induction chemotherapy. But in this case repeated tissue biopsy cultures were negative. R. pusillus infection was diagnosed using an in-house panfungal PCR/sequencing assay based on dual priming oligonucleotide primers. Conclusions: New molecular assays facilitate prompt diagnosis of invasive fungal infections.Historique : L'infection à Rhizomucor pusillus angio-invasive avec dissémination au foie et à la rate est très peu courante, puisqu'elle représente 1% des cas de mucormycose déclarés. Méthodologie : Le diagnostic de mucormycose est souvent difficile à poser au moyen des méthodes habituelles, qui reposent sur la présence d'hyphes non cloisonnées généralisées à l'examen histologique et sur l'identification morphologique de l'organisme mis en culture. Le laboratoire recourt également à un dosage moléculaire panfongique maison pour diagnostiquer rapidement l'infection fongique invasive lorsque les méthodes habituelles ne fournissent pas de résultats définitifs. Résultats : Les chercheurs présentent un cas de mucormycose disséminée avec atteinte hépatosplénique chez une femme de 49 ans atteinte de leucémie myélogène aiguë après une chimiothérapie d'induction. Dans ce cas, les résultats des biopsies tissulaires répétées étaient négatifs. L'infection à R. pusillus a été diagnostiquée au moyen d'un dosage maison par séquençage ou PRC panfongique d'après des amorces oligonucléotidiques à double usage. Conclusions : Les nouveaux dosages moléculaires facilitent un diagnostic rapide d'infection fongique invasive.

No summary available.

This article focuses on Louisiana State University's (LSU) plan to issue $59.6 million in auxiliary refunding revenue bonds to refinance outstanding debt from 2016, aiming to achieve approximately $3.35 million in present value savings. The bonds, rated A2 by Moody’s and A-plus by Fitch with stable outlooks, are backed by LSU’s self-supporting auxiliary revenues from entities such as student union, athletics, and residential life. Despite challenges facing the higher education sector, LSU benefits from strong student demand, significant fundraising, steady state support, and growing enrollment, which reached over 35,000 undergraduates in fall 2025. The article also notes broader concerns about funding pressures in higher education, including federal research funding cuts and demographic shifts affecting smaller institutions. [Extracted from the article]

In the first part of this article the authors consider the policies that apply to Uruguayan Sign Language (Lengua de Senas Uruguaya; hereafter LSU) and the Uruguayan Deaf community within the general framework of language policies in Uruguay. By analyzing them succinctly and as a whole, the authors then explain twenty-first-century innovations. Regarding deafness, the new measures are characterized by their treatment of deafness, sign language, and deaf movements as minority linguistic groups. (Contains 16 notes.)