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Catch crops are intermediate crops sown between two main crop cycles. Their adoption into the cropping system has increased considerably in the last years due to its numerous benefits, in particular its potential in carbon fixation and preventing nitrogen leaching during winter. The growth period of catch crops in Germany is often marked by dense cloud cover, which limits land surface monitoring through optical remote sensing. In such conditions, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) emerges as a viable option. Despite the known advantages of SAR, the understanding of temporal behavior of radar parameters in relation to catch crops remains largely unexplored. Hence, in this study, we exploited the dense time series of Sentinel-1 data within the Copernicus Space Component to study the temporal characteristics of catch crops over a test site in the center of Germany. Radar parameters such as VV, VH, VH/VV backscatter, dpRVI (dual-pol Radar Vegetation Index) and VV coherence were extracted, and temporal profiles were interpreted for catch crops and preceding main crops along with in situ, temperature, and precipitation data. Additionally, we examined the temporal profiles of winter main crops (winter oilseed rape and winter cereals), that are grown parallel to the catch crop growing cycle. Based on the analyzed temporal patterns, we defined 22 descriptive features from VV, VH, VH/VV and dpRVI, which are specific to catch crop identification. Then, we conducted a Kruskal–Wallis test on the extracted parameters, both crop-wise and group-wise, to assess the significance of statistical differences among different catch crop groups. Our results reveal that there exists a unique temporal pattern for catch crops compared to main crops, and each of these extracted parameters possess a different sensitivity to catch crops. Parameters VV and VH are sensitive to phenological stages and crop structure. On the other hand, VH/VV and dpRVI were found to be highly sensitive to crop biomass. Coherence can be used to detect the sowing and harvest events. The preceding main crop analysis reveals that winter wheat and winter barley are the two dominant main crops grown before catch crops. Moreover, winter main crops (winter oilseed rape, winter cereals) cultivated during the catch crop cycle can be distinguished by exploiting the observed sowing window differences. The extracted descriptive features provide information about sowing, harvest, vigor, biomass, and early/late die-off nature specific to catch crop types. In the Kruskal–Wallis test, the observed high H-statistic and low p-value in several predictors indicates significant variability at 0.001 level. Furthermore, Dunn's post hoc test among catch crop group pairs highlights the substantial differences between cold-sensitive and legume groups (p < 0.001). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The intricate relationship between technological catch-up and outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) in developing nations, exemplified by China, stands as a cutting-edge area within the domain of enterprise innovation and internationalization. While an extensive body of literature focuses on elucidating how latecomers can effectively achieve technological catch-up through overseas investment and mergers and acquisitions, enabling them to acquire advanced technology and valuable experience, comparatively less attention has been given to examining the mechanisms by which technological catch-up propels the OFDI process of enterprises. To address this gap, this study conducts a longitudinal case analysis of the “going global” trajectory of CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive Co., Ltd. (CRRC-ZL), transitioning from a follower to a leading industry player. By synthesizing the concepts of technological catch-up with the Ownership, Location, and Internalization (OLI) paradigm, we construct a comprehensive model elucidating the internal processes propelling enterprises towards technological catch-up and subsequent “going global.” This research builds a bridge from technology catch-up to OFDI for latecomer companies, offering valuable managerial insights for latecomers navigating the strategic challenges of advancing beyond catch-up and entering international markets.

Across the spectrum of weight regain, ranging from cachexia rehabilitation and catch-up growth to obesity relapse, the recovery rate of body fat is often disproportionate relative to lean tissue recovery. Such preferential ‘catch-up fat’ is in part attributed to an increase in metabolic efficiency and embodied in the concept that ‘metabolic adaptation’ or ‘adaptive thermogenesis’ in response to large weight deficits can persist during weight regain to accelerate fat stores recovery. This paper reviews the evidence in humans for the existence of this thrifty metabolism driving catch-up fat within the framework of a feedback loop between fat stores depletion and suppressed thermogenesis. The search for its effector mechanisms suggests that whereas adaptive thermogenesis during weight loss results primarily from central suppression of sympathetic nervous system and hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis, its persistence during weight regain for accelerating fat recovery is primarily mediated through peripheral tissue resistance to the actions of this systemic neurohormonal network. Emerging evidence linking it to an upregulation of skeletal muscle type 3 deiodinase (D3), the main thyroid hormone inactivating enzyme, along with slowed muscle metabolism and altered contractile properties, suggest that D3-induced muscle hypothyroidism is a key feature of such peripheral resistance. These findings underlying a role of skeletal muscle hypothyroidism in adaptive thermogenesis driving catch-up fat, but which can also concomitantly compromise muscle functionality, have been integrated into a mechanistic framework to explain how weight cycling and large weight fluctuations across the lifespan can predispose to sarcopenic obesity.

The thrilling second instalment in the gripping Hollywood series from million copy bestselling author Shari Low and TV's Ross King.They've made it to the top but someone is determined to make them pay...At a glittering after-party on the night of the Academy Awards, author Mirren McLean celebrates her win with her childhood friends Davie Johnston and Zander Leith by her side.Three kids from a tough street in Glasgow, the dazzling trio rose from the ashes to become Hollywood stars with global fame and vast fortunes.This is their moment in the spotlight.But by morning, there's only darkness.A secret from their past has come back to haunt them and the shield of stardom can't protect them from the horrors of their old lives.Someone is out to destroy them… and unlike the movies, there's no guarantee that the good guys will win.Three stars, three tales of struggle and success. Now they're discovering that in Hollywood, happy endings don't last for ever. Sometimes they're just the calm before the storm…Praise for The Hollywood Thriller Trilogy‘Brilliant, a white-knuckle ride of a novel. Gripping and wildly glamorous - Tilly Bagshawe‘It's a real slice of Hollywood and a brilliant read'- Gerard Butler‘A glam, edgy thriller, just the way I like them'- Martina Cole‘Sex, scandal and secrets galore'- the late Jackie Collins'A high-stakes thriller with a dark, moving story at its core. Page-turning entertainment at its very best'- TJ Emerson‘It's a thriller that's gritty, sexy and a sensational page turner. You won't be able to put it down. I loved it!'- Lorraine Kelly'I loved this Hollywood tale with deep Scottish roots. It's dark, sinful, glittering and thrilling. An absolute adventure from the very first page'- Carmen Reid'The mean streets of Glasgow meet the glitz of Hollywood. A riveting read!'- Evie Hunter'A gritty raunch thriller. A page turner that lifts the lid on Hollywood!'- •Catherine Zeta-Jones •

CAROL ERICSON BRINGS HER BROTHERS IN ARMS: FULLY ENGAGED MINISERIES TO A GRIPPING CONCLUSION WITH A MISSING CHILD AND THE UNDERCOVER AGENT WHO NEVER KNEW HE HAD A SON! Beau Slater once enjoyed an unforgettable night with a woman who matched him in brains, passion and black ops skills. Three years later he's gone rogue to help the sexy Prospero agent find top secret weaponry plans—and rescue her kidnapped toddler from a vengeful arms dealer. What Beau doesn't know is that Deb Sinclair's son is his. But for this mission, the freedom-loving bachelor will lay his life on the line for a child in danger and the woman he's never forgotten. Yet how can he trust the cunning spy who's already deceived him?

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The present study aimed to document the spatial and temporal ichthyofaunal diversity of reef associated fishes caught with experimental longlines fitted with different “J” hook sizes (no. 12, no. 9, and no. 6) and shapes (Straight, Kirbed, and Reversed) from the Therespuram and Mundhal fish landing centres of Gulf of Mannar (GoM), Southeast Coast of India. Sampling was done at a fortnightly interval from February 2020 to January 2022. The total of 21,322 fish diversity includes 37 species of fish belonging to 15 genera, 10 families, and seven orders have been recorded during the study period. Order wise and species wise landing revealed the dominance of Perciformes with five families (Haemulidae, Lethrinidae, Lutjanidae, Nemipteridae, and Serranidae) and 28 species while in the case of order Centrarchiformes it represented with only one species. Fish diversity of GoM was assessed by calculating the various diversity indices such as Shannon–Weiner biodiversity index (H’) ranged from 2.31 to 3.29, Simpson’s Dominance Index (1-λ’) ranged from 1.80 to 4.73, Pielou’s Species Evenness index (J’) ranged from 0.90 to 0.99, and Margalef index (d) of species richness ranged from 2.03 to 4.73. The results of the present study revealed that the experimental longlines caught one endangered (3%), four vulnerable (11%), two not evaluated (5%), one data deficient (3%), and 29 species (78%) of least concern as per the International Union for Conservation of Nature status. The assessment is a prerequisite for understanding the biodiversity and to help fishery managers to evolve new strategies for the sustainable exploitation and conservation of coral reef associated fishes in this region.

As evidenced by advanced and newly industrialized economies, industrial hubs play a vital role in economic catch-up globally. Industrial hubs have played a prominent role in transforming economies and building an innovation-led economy. Globally, over 6000 industrial hubs rose, primarily in Asia, after World War II. Industrial hubs flourish in 147 countries, but their performance and outcomes have been uneven. Industrial hubs underpinned in industrial policy framework and advantages of agglomeration economies. Following this introductory chapter, the second chapter reviews the theory and practice of industrial hubs and economic transformation. The third chapter discusses Asian pioneers and their experience of industrial hubs and productive transformation, focusing on Singapore, the Republic of Korea, Taiwan, the province of China, and the People’s Republic of China. The fourth chapter examines African industrial hubs and their contribution to industrialization, illustrating diversity, unevenness, and strategies. The final chapter presents the learning in Ethiopia, a newcomer to industrial hubs who experimented with a new approach to industrial hubs. The chapters are connected with the industrial policy framework and related issues.

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NEW YORK TIMES EDITORS'CHOICE • A young woman searches for the truth about her father—and the secrets of her family—in this “big-hearted debut that absolutely crackles with smarts” (Emma Straub).“A warm and funny debut novel... perceptive, wry, and witty.”—The New York TimesONE OF THE BEST BOOKS OF THE YEAR: PopSugarTwo years out of college, Ellie Adler has a job in journalism, an older lover, and a circle of smart friends. Her beloved father, James, who has children from three marriages, unites the family with his gentle humor and charisma, but Ellie has always believed she is her father's favorite. When he suddenly dies, she finds herself devastated by the unexpected loss. Then, at the reading of his will, she learns that instead of leaving her his prized possession—a baseball that holds emotional resonance for them both—he has left her a seemingly ridiculous, even insulting gift. Worse, he's given the baseball to someone no one in the family has ever heard of. In her grief, Ellie wonders who could have possibly meant more to her father than she did. Setting out to track this person down, she learns startling information about who her father really was and who she herself is becoming. Moving, witty, and unforgettable, The Catch is a story of the gifts we're given over the course of a lifetime, by family, friends, and strangers—the ones we want and the ones that catch us unawares.