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The key stage of juvenile pink salmon monitoring is the survey of their fall feeding in the sea that detects the year-class strength. The results of this survey are used for forecasting of the pink salmon returns to the Karaginsky fishing subzone in Bering Sea and to the Okhotsk Sea and the landing in the next year. The trawl surveys with two research vessels have conducted in recent years that allows to cover vast areas in a short time and to exclude repeated counts of the same fish on neighbor transects. In 2024, such trawl survey for pink salmon counting was conducted in the western Bering Sea and Okhotsk Sea that provided representative data on the juveniles abundance used for forecasting their returns and catches in the Karaginsky fishing subzone and Okhotsk Sea. The abundance of pink salmon in the western Bering Sea was estimated in 452∙106 ind. that was about a half of their numbers in previous even years (2018, 2020, 2022). Their return to the Karaginsky fishing subzone in the next year is expected as 72∙106 ind. at the lower limit of confidence interval, that provides the catch of 49∙103 t with the expected weight of spawners about 1 kg and 32 % escapement to the spawning grounds. In the Okhotsk Sea, the abundance of pink salmon was estimated in 1077∙106 ind. that was lower than in 2020 and 2022. Their expected return to the Okhotsk Sea in the next year is expected as 123∙106 ind. at the lower limit of confidence interval, that provides the catch of 100∙103 t with the weight of 1.3 kg and escapement of 35 %. Abundance in «northern» and «southern» regional complexes of local stocks is estimated for pink salmon in the Okhotsk Sea using cluster analysis with the expectation-maximization algorithm (EM clustering); the «northern» group prevailed with the ratio 64:36 %.

This study evaluated the performance of chocolate squid (Todarodes pacificus) bait as a lower-cost alternative to traditional squid bait in a snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) fishery in Eastern Canada. The results showed that pots with chocolate squid bait had significantly lower catch rates compared to pots with traditional squid bait. The chocolate squid bait significantly reduced the number of crabs caught per pot by 13.99% and the weight of crabs caught per pot by 2.88 kg. Although the chocolate squid bait is cheaper, the decrease in catch rates could require increased effort to reach individual quotas, which could lead to longer or more frequent fishing trips and more traps being fished, increasing fuel consumption and habitat disruption, resulting in negative environmental impacts. Finding alternative lower-cost baits that maintain catch rates remains a key priority for reducing operational costs and minimizing environmental impacts in the snow crab fishery.

Cantrang (boat Danish seine) has been illegal since 2015 but remains prevalent in Indonesia’s Java Sea. Despite known negative impacts, no comprehensive ecological assessment of cantrang fishing exists. This study evaluates its effects by analyzing catch data based on taxa, trophic level, habitat, and fishing vulnerability by a multivariate approach. In this study, the size of 60 cantrang vessel samples were grouped into 4, namely 20–30, 31–50, 51–100, and 101–200 gross tons (GT), representing the spatial distribution of the fishing grounds. Larger vessels catch more diverse and abundant fish, primarily reef-associated and demersal species groups. There was a significant difference in the fishing vessel’s size on the catch’s composition (analysis of similarities, ANOSIM R = 0.114, p = 0.024). The dominant catches were families of Loliginidae (Loligo sp., 24.38%) and Nemipteridae (Nemipterus nematophorus, 19.29%), trophic level 2.7 (34.41–43.18%), reef-associated and demersal fish (37.06–46.09%), and low vulnerability group of fish (58.01–64.56%). Additionally, 2.69–8.56% of the endangered, threatened, and protected species of wedgefish (Rhyncobatus sp.) were also caught by the cantrang. This study confirms the impacts of cantrang on fish resources in the Java Sea, Indonesia’s Fisheries Management Area 712. The findings emphasize the need to improve management strategies to achieve sustainable fish resources and marine biodiversity in the region.

Cikidang Fishing Port is one of the fishing ports that plays an important role in capture fisheries in Pangandaran, with drift gillnet as the main fishing gear. The high use of this tool encourages the analysis of the diversity and composition of the catch to assess fishery productivity and maintain resource sustainability. This study aimed to analyze the composition and diversity of drift gillnet catches landed at the PPI Cikidang Pangandaran. The methods used include the calculation of production amount and value, Catch Per Unit Effort, percentage of catch composition, and diversity index. The data analyzed were obtained from the Cikidang PPI statistical report during the 2019-2021 period. The results showed that white pomfret (Pampus argenteus) was the most dominant species in the catch, with an average contribution of 26.4% per year, whereas yellow mackerel (Selaroides leptolepis) had the least catch (only 0.62% per year). The catch diversity index showed a value of 2.77 in 2019, 2.19 in 2020, and 2.21 in 2021, which falls into the medium category. Habitat conservation efforts and increased awareness of fishermen are also needed so that fishery resources in the Cikidang Fishing Port remain sustainable and productive in the long term.

Abstract Background The high prevalence of hepatitis B weighs heavily on public health in China. In 2009, a catch-up vaccination program for children aged 8–15y was implemented to curb hepatitis B, while the effectiveness of this intervention has not been investigated. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of catch-up vaccination on the incidence of hepatitis B in Guangzhou, China. Methods We obtained individual data of all hepatitis B cases from 2005 to 2019 in Guangzhou from Guangzhou Center for Diseases Control and Prevention. Based on daily reported number of cases, we constructed generalized linear models to estimate the effectiveness of the intervention on the incidence of hepatitis B in each age group from 11 to 25 years. We further estimated the age-standardized effectiveness. Finally, we examined the effectiveness in different subgroups by sex and clinical types of hepatitis B. Results A total of 58,204 hepatitis B cases among individuals aged 11–25y were reported in Guangzhou from 2005 to 2019, with an average annual age-standardized incidence of 117.30 cases per 100,000 individuals. The catch-up vaccination contributed to an age-standardized 20.02% (95% confidence interval: 15.97%, 23.87%) decrease in the hepatitis B incidence among individuals aged 11–25y and prevented an annual age-standardized average of 17.40 (95% empirical confidence interval [eCI]: 9.24, 23.78) cases per 100,000 individuals from hepatitis B during the study period. The intervention could better protect males (excess incidence rate [EIR]: -21.82 [95% eCI: -30.51, -10.15] cases per 100,000 individuals), and prevent chronic cases (EIR: -24.27 [95% eCI: -30.62, -16.09] cases per 100,000 individuals). Conclusions The massive catch-up vaccination against hepatitis B among children plays an important role in alleviating the burden of hepatitis B.

This paper conducts a comprehensive examination of the sources of economic growth and catch-up of ASEAN countries since the Asian Financial Crisis, with comparative views of China and India. The study employs different decomposition frameworks to gain insights into the drivers of the Association’s economic performance over the 1997-2017 period. Three findings are most notable. First, all ten member states, except for Brunei, recorded a strong catch-up performance, with labour productivity being the leading driver in most countries. Second, the drivers of labour productivity catch-up exhibit some distinctive patterns among countries, which depend on the level of income and economic structure. Third, in all decomposition analyses, ASEAN countries are well below China and India across sources of growth, which tends to suggest that countries in the grouping could improve their performance by enhancing market integration and policy coordination. Although the long-term prospect of ASEAN is bright, the COVID-19 pandemic and the recent military coup in Myanmar have indicated that the road to future prosperity of the region is expected to face formidable challenges.