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FAQ

169
Processed vs unprocessed collection--what's the difference?
A processed collection has gone through several steps to become a cataloged record, thus available to the researching public. Those steps include a thorough vetting of copyright and restrictions, a verbatim transcription or thorough indexing of the interview including time-stamped calibration, the opportunity for the interviewee to review the transcription, the creation of a finding aid that includes important metadata about the collection, the preservation and optimization of audio files, the creation of user-copies, and cataloging. This process requires the efforts of several LSU Libraries staff members and it has been calculated that for every hour of recording, it takes 35-50 hours to fully process. For a detailed breakdown of the stages and fees associated with archiving oral histories, please see The Oral History Budget. All processed collections are found in the catalog record and many are available on the Louisiana Digital Library. An unprocessed collection is one that has not reached the final stage of completion and is not yet ready to be cataloged. Depending on the stage of processing, more or less of the interview will be available to patrons. See below for the availability of unprocessed collections. An unprocessed collection is not in the catalog record nor the Louisiana Digital Library. A processed collection has gone through several steps to become a cataloged record, thus available to the researching public. Those steps include a thorough vetting of copyright and restrictions, a verbatim transcription or thorough indexing of the interview including time-stamped calibration, the opportunity for the interviewee to review the transcription, the creation of a finding aid that includes important metadata about the collection, the preservation and optimization of audio files, the creation of user-copies, and cataloging. This process requires the efforts of several LSU Libraries staff members and it has been calculated that for every hour of recording, it takes 35-50 hours to fully process. For a detailed breakdown of the stages and fees associated with archiving oral histories, please see The Oral History Budget. All processed collections are found in the catalog record and many are available on the Louisiana Digital Library. An unprocessed collection is one that has not reached the final stage of completion and is not yet ready to be cataloged. Depending on the stage of processing, more or less of the interview will be available to patrons. See below for the availability of unprocessed collections. An unprocessed collection is not in the catalog record nor the Louisiana Digital Library. Answered by: Jennifer Cramer
What are Special Collections?
Special collections refer to unique materials that provide both primary and secondary sources to people conducting original research. Our collections are special due to their scarcity or rarity, historical value, monetary value, or research value. Archives are collections of original records created throughout the lifespan of a person, family, organization, or business. These materials essentially provide evidence of the activities, events, functions, and/or responsibilities of the creator(s). Archives and special collections differ from libraries in the types of materials collected and the ways in which they are acquired, organized, described, and made publicly accessible. These differences prompt us to create specific policies and procedures to ensure that our collections can continue to be used for decades or even centuries to come. Special collections refer to unique materials that provide both primary and secondary sources to people conducting original research. Our collections are special due to their scarcity or rarity, historical value, monetary value, or research value. Archives are collections of original records created throughout the lifespan of a person, family, organization, or business. These materials essentially provide evidence of the activities, events, functions, and/or responsibilities of the creator(s). Archives and special collections differ from libraries in the types of materials collected and the ways in which they are acquired, organized, described, and made publicly accessible. These differences prompt us to create specific policies and procedures to ensure that our collections can continue to be used for decades or even centuries to come. Answered by: Kelly Larson
Do I have to come to campus to view the materials that I need?
The short answer is yes. Most of our special collections are only available in their physical formats. However, we do have some digital collections online, which are made available through the Louisiana Digital Library. We do participate in interlibrary loan services for select materials (typically microfilm) and we offer a variety of duplication options. Find out more about the Louisiana Digital Library: https://lib.lsu.edu/special#louisianadigitallibrary (https://lib.lsu.edu/special/CC/digital) View our duplication policy: https://lib.lsu.edu/special#specialcollectionsduplication (https://www.lib.lsu.edu/special/services/duplication) View our operating hours and maps: https://lib.lsu.edu/hoursandmaps (https://lib.lsu.edu/about/hours/sc) Answered by: Kelly Larson
How do I access an oral history interview?
The Louisiana Digital Library has selected interviews available. Visit LSU Libraries Special Collections: since all cataloged interviews are housed in Special Collections at Hill Memorial Library, you may visit the Reading Room where staff will provide access to a dedicated, self-guided public computer where you can access cataloged digital files during office hours. You may request a copy of the interview. See above for instructions. A copy of the interview may be jointly housed in another repository, so be sure to double-check that information in the catalog record. Answered by: Jennifer Cramer
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Database Listing

375
Garland Encyclopedia of World Music Online
The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music Online is the first comprehensive online resource devoted to music research of all the world's peoples. More than 9,000 pages of material, combined with entries by more than 700 expert contributors from all over the world, make this the most complete body of work focused on world music. Each volume contains an overview of the region, a survey of its musical heritage, traditions and themes; and a description of specific musical genres, practices, and performances.
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Staff

101
Keerthi Chandrashekar
Processing Archivist
Portrait
Dave Comeaux
Systems & Discovery Librarian
Gina Costello
Gina Costello
Associate Dean, Technology & Special Collections
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Discovery

2065107
Life Cycle Improvement of Battery Including Sizing of PV/Wind/ Fuel Cell and Diesel Generator in DC Microgrid Using Catch Fish Optimization
The addition of multiple sources, including PV, wind power, along with diesel generators, battery energy storage systems (BESS), and hydrogen-based fuel cells is crucial for enhancing the reliability and sustainability of DC microgrids. However, optimal component sizing remains a critical challenge in minimizing operational costs while extending battery life. This study presents an advanced optimization approach utilizing the Catch Fish Optimization (CFO) algorithm to find the optimal sizing of PV, wind, diesel, battery, and hydrogen storage components. The optimization framework aims to minimize the Annualized Cost of the System (ACS) and Cost of Energy (COE) while addressing the intermittency of renewable sources and battery degradation constraints. A detailed mathematical modeling approach is employed, incorporating battery lifecycle estimation and techno-economic analysis to ensure long-term feasibility. Simulation results demonstrate that the CFO algorithm effectively reduces ACS and COE while significantly improving battery longevity. The inclusion of a hydrogen storage system in conjunction with battery storage mitigates deep discharge cycles, further enhancing battery lifespan. The results confirm that CFO provides an optimal balance between cost-effectiveness and sustainability, making it highly suitable for off-grid and remote energy applications.
Temporal assessment of shark incidental catch in the Eastern Pacific Ocean
Overfishing and by-catch (the unintentional capture of non-target species or sizes) represent two of the greatest threats to marine populations. Modelling and predicting the trends of species captured during fishing could provide a tool with which to prioritise species and conservation actions. These aims are especially important in the case of sharks, since these species are targeted by the global shark fin trade and also unintentionally caught as by-catch by many fisheries. In this study we describe the by-catch of sharks in the traditional continental Ecuadorian fishery, with the specific aims to: (1) evaluate the temporal changes in the catch of the most common shark species from 2008 to 2018 in Ecuadorian coastal waters and (2) determine the changes in the total catch and size composition of these species. Shark by-catch in the Eastern Pacific Ocean (EPO) was evaluated by observers from longline fisheries, whose target catch comprises large pelagic fish (albacore, marlins or mahi mahi). In this context, sharks are true by-catches, as they are unintentionally captured and not targeted by the longline fisheries. We evaluated the six most frequently fished species of sharks in the EPO (Prionace glauca, Alopias pelagicus, Alopias superciliosus, Sphyrna zygaena, Carcharhinus falciformes and Isurus oxirynchus), including the sizes and quantify of catch by number. The average size (± standard deviation) of these species was 209.3 ± 8.5, 274.6 ± 13.6, 296.2 ± 7.9, 197.2 ± 26.8, 184.2 ± 8.3 and 168.3 ± 11.1 cm, respectively. The results show a decline in the size of the captured shark species across years, which is particularly dramatic in the case of vulnerable species such as S. zygaena. A shift in fishing activity toward the Central-Eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean was also observed. The status of these six shark species should be considered in the design of future management measures in the area, including the protected sanctuary of Galapagos, where most of the recent catches are concentrated.
Culture, context, and fish length drives voluntary catch-and-release behaviour of recreational anglers
Recreational anglers’ decisions to harvest or release fish have significant implications for fisheries mortality and therefore fisheries management. In this study, we explore the psychological and contextual factors influencing voluntary catch-and-release (vCandR) of harvestable fish in northern Germany–a culture with a strong tradition in keeping fish for personal consumption. We compiled and analyzed 19,558 trip-level catch and harvest records from two contrasting fisheries: a small club-based fishery in Lower Saxony (LS) in West Germany and a largely open-access fishery in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (MWP) in East Germany. Due to differing cultural and socio-economic histories before and after German reunification, we hypothesized lower voluntary release rates in MWP, driven by stronger utilitarian values common to Eastern Germany. In support, MWP anglers harvested a greater proportion of their catch. Saltwater species, migratory species and salmonids were retained to a greater degree than freshwater species. Voluntary CandR behaviour varied by target species, other trip context, angler specialization as represented by the subdimensions psychological commitment, behavioural commitment and skill, catch and consumptive orientation and fish length. The influence of angler characteristics on retention probability of fish often varied by target species, and retention probability was found to be largest in intermediately sized fish in most species. Satisfaction with previous trips increased the likelihood of releasing fish, suggesting a feedback process where past psychological outcomes affected future harvest decisions independent of angler personality. Our findings underscore the importance of culture, individual angler characteristics, and situational factors, highlighting the crucial interaction of target species, fish length, angler psychological predisposition and past fishing success in determining whether an angler keeps or voluntary releases its catch. That said, our work in German angling culture does not support the proposition that more specialized anglers generally release more fish.
Catch rope : the long arm of the cowboy
For more than a hundred years, American cowboys have made their living through the skilled use of horse and rope. Whole libraries have been devoted to the horse, but no one, until now, has written a thorough study of the origins and evolution of ranch roping--which differs from arena roping as practiced by rodeo cowboys. Author/cowboy John Erickson studies ranch roping from every angle: its origins in the Old World; old-time loops and throws; the influence of modern team roping; and the endless debate between those cowboys who rope'hard and fast'and those who'dally.'Mixing scholarship with his working--cowboy's knowledge of the subject, Erickson tells stories of cowboys who could not resist fitting their loops on'things that ort not to be roped,'such as elk, deer, badgers, bears, and bobcats. He tells of jackrabbit roping contests, and of cowboys who roped mice, geese, hogs, wives, or a runaway milk wagon. Anyone who has ever'built a loop'or even thought about it will find this book hard to put down.
Estimating species distribution from camera trap by-catch data, using jaguarundi ( Herpailurus yagouaroundi ) as an example
Planning conservation action requires accurate estimates of abundance and distribution of the target species. For many mammals, particularly those inhabiting tropical forests, there are insufficient data to assess their conservation status. We present a framework for predicting species distribution using jaguarundi ( Herpailurus yagouaroundi ), a poorly known felid for which basic information on abundance and distribution is lacking.Mesoamerica and South America.From 2003 to 2021.Herpailurus yagouaroundi .We combined camera-trap data from multiple sites and used an occupancy modelling framework accounting for imperfect detection to identify habitat associations and predict the range-wide distribution of jaguarundis.Our model predicted that the probability of jaguarundi occupancy is positively associated with rugged terrain, herbaceous cover, and human night-time light intensity. Jaguarundi occupancy was predicted to be higher where precipitation was less seasonal, and at intermediate levels of diurnal temperature range. Our camera data also revealed additional detections of jaguarundis beyond the current International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) range distribution, including the Andean foothills of Colombia and Bolivia.Occupancy was predicted to be low throughout much of Amazonian lowlands, a vast area at the centre of jaguarundi known range. Further work is required to investigate whether this area represents sub-optimal conditions for the species. Overall, we estimate a crude global jaguarundi population of 35,000 to 230,000 individuals, covering 4,453,406 km² of Meso- and South America at the 0.5 probability level of occupancy. Our current framework allows for an initially detailed, wellinformed species distribution that should be challenged and refined with improved habitat layers and additional records of jaguarundi detection. We encourage similar studies of lesser-known mammals, pooling existing by-catch data from the growing bank of camera-trap surveys around the world.
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